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English Renaissance composer renowned as a foundational figure in Anglican church music, celebrated for his mastery of polyphony and adaptability during religious upheavals.Served as organist and composer for the English royal court under Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I. Composed both Latin Catholic and English Protestant sacred music, including the monumental 40-voice motet 'Spem in alium'. Held exclusive printing rights for music with William Byrd.

• Survived England's violent religious reforms by discreetly shifting between Catholic and Protestant musical styles, avoiding persecution despite working for monarchs with opposing doctrines.
• Co-published the 'Cantiones Sacrae' collection with William Byrd in 1575 under Elizabeth I, dedicating it to the queen and securing her lifelong patronage.
• His exact birthdate remains unknown; 1505 is estimated from his first professional appointment at Dover Priory around 1525.
• Died peacefully in his Greenwich home in 1585, contrasting with the era's turbulent executions of religious dissidents.