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Formation and Early Years (1960-1962)

The Beatles formed in Liverpool in 1960, originally consisting of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, Stuart Sutcliffe, and Pete Best. After early performances in Hamburg clubs, Sutcliffe left in 1961 and Best was replaced by Ringo Starr in 1962. The classic lineup—Lennon, McCartney, Harrison, and Starr—solidified before their first recording contract.

Beatlemania and Global Dominance (1963-1966)

With hits like 'Please Please Me' and 'She Loves You,' Beatlemania erupted in 1963. Their 1964 US debut on The Ed Sullivan Show drew 73 million viewers, igniting worldwide frenzy. Albums like 'A Hard Day's Night' and 'Rubber Soul' showcased evolving songwriting. The band stopped touring in 1966 amid safety concerns and creative burnout.

Studio Innovation and Breakup (1967-1970)

Focusing on studio work, they released groundbreaking albums: 'Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band' (1967), 'The Beatles (White Album)' (1968), and 'Abbey Road' (1969). Internal tensions grew over business disputes and creative differences. John Lennon announced his departure in 1969, and the band officially dissolved in April 1970.

The Beatles Members: Profiles

John Lennon (rhythm guitar/vocals): Primary songwriter until 1966, known for raw lyricism. Born Oct 9, 1940; assassinated Dec 8, 1980.

Paul McCartney (bass/vocals): Prolific melodist, co-led songwriting. Born June 18, 1942.

George Harrison (lead guitar/vocals): Spiritual explorer and solo artist. Born Feb 25, 1943; died Nov 29, 2001.

Ringo Starr (drums): Distinctive backbeat and occasional vocals. Born July 7, 1940.

Musical Legacy and Influence

The Beatles revolutionized recording techniques, popularized album-oriented rock, and blended genres from psychedelia to Indian music. They hold records for most No. 1 hits (20) and best-selling albums. Their songbook remains foundational in popular music, inspiring countless artists.

• Stuart Sutcliffe, the original bassist, left in 1961 to pursue art but died of a brain hemorrhage in 1962 at age 21.
• Pete Best was abruptly fired in 1962 after producer George Martin demanded a drummer change; he later sued the band over royalties.
• John Lennon was murdered by Mark David Chapman outside his NYC apartment in 1980, shocking fans worldwide.
• George Harrison battled throat cancer and lung tumors before dying in 2001; his final word was 'Love.'
• The Beatles' rooftop concert in London (1969) was their last public performance, stopped by police due to noise complaints.