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"Das neugeborne Kindelein" (The newborn little child), BWV 122, is a sacred cantata composed by Johann Sebastian Bach. Here are some interesting facts about this piece:

1. Composition Date: Bach composed BWV 122 in 1724 during his second year as the Thomaskantor in Leipzig. It was written for the feast of the Circumcision and was first performed on January 1, 1725.

2. Liturgical Context: The cantata is part of Bach's larger body of work dedicated to the liturgical calendar. BWV 122 is specifically associated with the New Year's Day celebration in the Lutheran liturgy.

3. Textual Source: The libretto for BWV 122 is based on a text by an unknown poet, commonly referred to as the "Leipzig librettist." The text reflects on the themes of the circumcision of Jesus and the naming of the child, tying into the Gospel reading for the day.

4. Instrumentation: Like many of Bach's cantatas, BWV 122 is scored for a small ensemble. It includes strings, oboes, bassoon, and continuo, creating a rich and expressive texture.

5. Chorale Usage: Bach often incorporated chorales into his cantatas, and BWV 122 is no exception. The final movement features a chorale setting of "Jesu, meine Freude," a hymn by Johann Franck. This chorale brings a sense of unity and familiarity to the composition.

6. Theological Significance: The cantata explores theological themes related to the significance of Jesus' circumcision, emphasizing the idea of the new covenant and the shedding of Christ's blood. The text reflects on the divine plan and the hope brought by the arrival of the newborn child.

7. Overall Structure: BWV 122 consists of seven movements, including recitatives, arias, and chorales. Each movement contributes to the overall narrative and thematic development of the cantata.

"Das neugeborne Kindelein" is a testament to Bach's ability to weave together musical and theological elements, creating a profound and contemplative work for the worship setting.