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Johann Sebastian Bach's Prelude and Fugue in C minor, BWV 871, is a part of "The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book II." Here are some interesting facts about this composition:

1. The Well-Tempered Clavier: This work consists of two volumes, each containing 24 preludes and fugues in all major and minor keys. BWV 871 is specifically from Book II.

2. Well-Tempered Tuning: The title of the collection, "The Well-Tempered Clavier," reflects Bach's exploration of well-tempered tuning systems. It was a groundbreaking work in showcasing the possibilities of playing in all keys without the need for retuning.

3. Structure of Prelude and Fugue: The prelude is characterized by its improvisatory nature and serves as an introduction to the more structured fugue that follows. The fugue is a complex and highly organized piece of counterpoint, showcasing Bach's mastery in polyphonic composition.

4. Expressive Character: The Prelude and Fugue in C minor are known for their expressive character, with the prelude often exhibiting a somber and introspective mood, while the fugue demonstrates Bach's skill in weaving intricate musical lines.

5. Educational Purpose: Bach intended "The Well-Tempered Clavier" to be a pedagogical tool, providing keyboard players with a comprehensive study of musical styles and techniques. The collection has since become a cornerstone of the keyboard repertoire.

6. Influence on Music Theory: Bach's work had a profound impact on the development of music theory. The Well-Tempered Clavier is often studied for its harmonic richness and contrapuntal intricacies, contributing to the understanding of tonal relationships.

7. Enduring Legacy: The Prelude and Fugue in C minor, like many of Bach's compositions, continues to be widely performed and studied today. Its enduring popularity is a testament to Bach's genius and the timeless quality of his music.

Listening to this piece provides a glimpse into the genius of Bach and the baroque period's rich musical tradition.