We have a collection of 25 arrangements for J.S. Bach - Goldberg Variations, BWV 988: Variation IX
Did you know Bach's Goldberg Variations were allegedly commissioned for an insomniac count? Learn!
Who's behind the notes? Discover Johann Sebastian Bach: Master of Baroque Music
The Goldberg Variations, BWV 988, is a set of 30 variations for harpsichord composed by Johann Sebastian Bach. Here are some interesting facts about this musical masterpiece:
Dedication to Count Kaiserling: The variations are named after Johann Gottlieb Goldberg, a harpsichordist and one of Bach's students. They were commissioned by Count Hermann Karl von Keyserling, a Russian ambassador to the Saxon court, who suffered from insomnia. He wanted soothing music to be played for him during sleepless nights, and Bach was recommended for the task.
Publication: The Goldberg Variations were first published in 1741 as the fourth and final part of the Clavier-Übung series. This collection of keyboard music included various suites, partitas, and other works.
Aria and Variations: The work begins with an aria, a beautiful and serene piece, followed by 30 variations. Each variation explores different musical ideas, styles, and techniques, showcasing Bach's extraordinary skill in composition.
Canons and Contrasts: Some of the variations are canons, where the melody is imitated at a specific interval. The variations also include dances, virtuosic passages, and expressive slow movements, creating a diverse and engaging musical experience.
Numerical Significance: The Goldberg Variations are known for their mathematical structure. The variations are organized in groups of 10, with each group ending in a canon. The overall structure is intricate, demonstrating Bach's mastery of counterpoint and form.
Technical Challenges: The Goldberg Variations present significant technical challenges for the performer due to their complexity, ornamentation, and demanding keyboard technique. It is considered a pinnacle of the Baroque keyboard repertoire.
Popular Recordings: Many renowned pianists and harpsichordists have recorded the Goldberg Variations, contributing to its popularity and recognition as one of Bach's greatest achievements. Notable interpreters include Glenn Gould, who recorded the variations twice, in 1955 and 1981.
Inspiration for Later Composers: The Goldberg Variations have inspired numerous musicians and composers throughout history. Dmitry Shostakovich, for example, wrote his own set of 24 Preludes and Fugues, Op. 87, influenced by Bach's work.
These facts highlight the historical and artistic significance of Johann Sebastian Bach's Goldberg Variations.