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"Solomon" (HWV 67) is one of the most celebrated oratorios composed by Georg Friedrich Handel. Here are some interesting facts about Handel's "Solomon":
Composition and Premiere: Handel composed "Solomon" in 1748. The oratorio was first performed on March 17, 1749, at the Covent Garden Theatre in London. It was an instant success and received widespread acclaim.
Libretto: The libretto for "Solomon" was written by Charles Jennens, who also collaborated with Handel on the libretto for the famous oratorio "Messiah." Jennens' text for "Solomon" draws from the biblical account of King Solomon's reign, particularly focusing on the episode involving the two women claiming to be the mother of the same child.
Instrumentation: "Solomon" is scored for a large orchestra and chorus, showcasing Handel's mastery in orchestration. The work features instruments such as strings, woodwinds, brass, and continuo, creating a rich and vibrant musical landscape.
Musical Highlights: Some of the notable musical highlights in "Solomon" include the famous chorus "May no rash intruder," the aria "Will the sun forget to streak," and the delightful duet "Welcome as the dawn of day." Handel's skillful use of vocal and instrumental colors adds depth and emotion to the music.
The Queen's Presence: "Solomon" was composed to celebrate the Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, which ended the War of the Austrian Succession. Queen Caroline, the wife of King George II, was a great admirer of Handel's music and attended the premiere of "Solomon." Her presence at the performance added to the work's prestige and popularity.
Influence on Later Composers: Handel's oratorios, including "Solomon," had a significant influence on later composers, including Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven. Mozart, in particular, held Handel in high regard and rearranged some of his works, including the "Hallelujah" chorus from "Solomon."
Structural Features: "Solomon" consists of three acts, each with a distinct musical and dramatic structure. Act I deals with Solomon's wisdom and justice, Act II with the visit of the Queen of Sheba, and Act III with the building of the Temple in Jerusalem. The oratorio culminates in a grand double chorus celebrating Solomon's wisdom and the glory of God.
Popular Revival: While "Solomon" experienced a decline in popularity in the years following Handel's death, it enjoyed a revival in the 20th century. Modern performances and recordings have helped reintroduce this masterpiece to contemporary audiences, showcasing its enduring appeal.
"Solomon" remains a testament to Handel's compositional genius and his ability to create captivating and spiritually uplifting music through the medium of oratorio.