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Johannes Brahms' Symphony No. 4 in E minor, Op. 98, is a significant work in the classical music repertoire. Here are some interesting facts about this composition:

1. Brahms' Final Symphony: Symphony No. 4 was Brahms' final symphony. It premiered in 1885, 11 years after his Symphony No. 3, and it marked the culmination of his symphonic output. Brahms was 52 years old when he completed this symphony.

2. Cyclic Structure: This symphony is known for its cyclic structure, where themes and motives from previous movements are revisited and developed throughout the work. This creates a sense of unity and coherence within the piece.

3. Influence of Beethoven: Brahms was often compared to Beethoven, and his Symphony No. 4 is sometimes referred to as his "Beethovenian" symphony. It reflects Beethoven's influence in its dramatic intensity and use of cyclical themes.

4. Mournful Mood: The Symphony No. 4 is characterized by its overall mournful and melancholic mood, particularly in the first and third movements. Brahms composed this symphony during a difficult period in his life, which may have contributed to its somber tone.

5. Four Movements: Like most classical symphonies, Brahms' Symphony No. 4 consists of four movements:

   • Allegro non troppo: The first movement is marked by its dramatic and passionate opening theme, which sets the tone for the entire symphony.
   • Andante moderato: The second movement is a lyrical and contemplative piece, providing a contrast to the intensity of the first movement.
   • Allegro giocoso: The third movement is a lively and spirited scherzo, offering a brief respite from the seriousness of the first two movements.
   • Allegro energico e passionato: The final movement returns to a more serious and dramatic mood, building to a powerful and triumphant conclusion.

6. Folk Music Influence: Brahms incorporated elements of Central European folk music into the Symphony No. 4, particularly in the rhythmic and dance-like sections of the third movement.

7. Challenging for Performers: This symphony is considered one of Brahms' most challenging works to perform, both for the orchestra and the conductor. It demands technical precision and emotional depth from the musicians.

8. Critical Reception: Brahms' Symphony No. 4 received a mixed reception upon its premiere. Some critics found it too complex and challenging, while others praised its depth and emotional intensity. Today, it is widely regarded as a masterpiece of the Romantic symphonic repertoire.

9. Famous Recordings: Many renowned conductors and orchestras have recorded Brahms' Symphony No. 4 over the years, including Herbert von Karajan, Leonard Bernstein, and Wilhelm Furtwängler. These recordings have helped solidify its place in the classical music canon.

10. Legacy: Brahms' Symphony No. 4 continues to be performed and studied by orchestras and music enthusiasts worldwide, and it remains an essential piece in the repertoire of classical music. It stands as a testament to Brahms' mastery of symphonic composition and his ability to convey deep emotional themes through music.