We have a collection of 39 arrangements for John Stafford Smith - The Star-Spangled Banner
What 18th-century English drinking song melody became the basis for the US national anthem? Learn!
Who's behind the notes? Discover John Stafford Smith: Composer of the American National Anthem
John Stafford Smith was a British composer and musicologist who is best known for composing the music for "The Star-Spangled Banner," the national anthem of the United States. Here are some interesting facts about him and the iconic anthem:
British Roots: John Stafford Smith was born on March 30, 1750, in Gloucester, England. Despite being a British subject, his composition would later become one of the most patriotic symbols of the United States.
Composition of "To Anacreon in Heaven": The melody that would later be used for "The Star-Spangled Banner" was originally composed by Smith for the Anacreontic Society, a gentlemen's club in London dedicated to the ancient Greek poet Anacreon. The song was titled "To Anacreon in Heaven."
Connection to the United States: In 1778, Smith emigrated to the United States, where he continued his musical career. He served as the organist at the New York City's St. Peter's Church and later moved to Charleston, South Carolina.
Collaboration with Francis Scott Key: The lyrics of "The Star-Spangled Banner" were written by Francis Scott Key during the War of 1812. Key wrote the poem after witnessing the British bombardment of Fort McHenry in Baltimore. The poem was then set to the tune of Smith's "To Anacreon in Heaven."
Title and Recognition: The song was originally titled "Defence of Fort M'Henry." It was later set to Smith's music and officially became "The Star-Spangled Banner" in 1931 when President Herbert Hoover signed a congressional resolution designating it as the national anthem of the United States.
Notable Performances: The first documented public performance of "The Star-Spangled Banner" took place at the Holliday Street Theatre in Baltimore on October 19, 1814. However, it didn't become the official national anthem until many years later.
Other Works: While Smith is primarily remembered for "The Star-Spangled Banner," he composed various other works, including operas, glees, and keyboard music.
Death and Legacy: John Stafford Smith died on September 21, 1836, in London. Despite being a British citizen, his musical contribution to the United States is a lasting legacy. His composition is now an integral part of American history and is played at various patriotic events, particularly before sporting events and official ceremonies.