Who's behind the notes? Discover Johann Sebastian Bach: Master of Baroque Music
Johann Sebastian Bach's "Johannespassion" or St. John Passion, BWV 245, is a monumental and emotionally charged work that stands as one of his most significant compositions. Here are some interesting facts about this masterpiece:
Composition Date: Bach composed the St. John Passion in 1724 during his first year as the Thomaskantor in Leipzig, where he was responsible for music at the St. Thomas Church. This work was created for the Good Friday Vespers service.
Biblical Source: The St. John Passion is based on the Gospel of John, chapters 18 and 19, which narrate the events leading to Christ's crucifixion. The libretto, combining passages from the Gospel with additional poetry, was likely compiled by Bach himself or his librettist.
Two Versions: Bach created two versions of the St. John Passion during his lifetime. The first version, performed on Good Friday in 1724, was substantially revised for a later performance in the 1730s. The 1724 version is often referred to as the "early version," while the revised one is the "later version."
Dramatic Structure: The St. John Passion is structured as an oratorio and features both narrative elements and reflective, contemplative arias and choruses. It includes arias, choruses, and chorales, with the Evangelist narrating the biblical story.
Distinctive Features: Unlike Bach's St. Matthew Passion, which is more expansive and reflective, the St. John Passion is known for its more direct and dramatic expression. It has a dynamic and urgent quality that captures the intensity of the narrative.
Chorales and Arias: The St. John Passion incorporates several Lutheran chorales, which serve as moments of reflection and commentary on the events unfolding in the narrative. The arias express various emotions and perspectives related to the Passion story.
Notable Arias: One of the most famous arias from the St. John Passion is "Es ist vollbracht" (It is accomplished), sung by the alto. This aria reflects on the completion of Christ's sacrifice. Another well-known aria is "Ich folge dir gleichfalls" (I will follow you likewise), a soprano aria expressing devotion.
Use of Instruments: Bach's orchestration in the St. John Passion is rich and varied, featuring strings, woodwinds, brass, and continuo. The use of specific instruments for different arias and choruses adds color and emotional depth to the work.
Legacy: The St. John Passion, along with Bach's other large-scale choral works, has left an enduring impact on Western classical music. Its profound spirituality and musical sophistication continue to be appreciated by audiences and performers alike.
Recordings and Performances: The St. John Passion has been recorded and performed by numerous ensembles and conductors worldwide. Different interpretations highlight the work's versatility and the depth of emotion it conveys.