How does Bach's chorale harmony express the Passion narrative in Herzliebster Jesu? Learn!
Who's behind the notes? Discover Johann Sebastian Bach: Master of Baroque Music
Johann Sebastian Bach's "Matthäuspassion" (St. Matthew Passion), BWV 244b, is a monumental and highly revered work in the Baroque choral repertoire. Here are some interesting facts about this masterpiece:
Premiere and Composition: Bach composed the St. Matthew Passion in 1727 for the Good Friday Vespers service at the St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, where he served as the Kapellmeister. The work is scored for double choir, double orchestra, and soloists.
Biblical Narrative: The St. Matthew Passion is based on the Gospel of Matthew, chapters 26 and 27, and it tells the story of the Passion of Jesus Christ, from the Last Supper to the Crucifixion.
Dialogues and Reflections: One distinctive feature of the St. Matthew Passion is the use of dialogues between the Evangelist (narrator) and characters like Jesus, Judas, and Peter. The reflective chorales provide commentary and allow for moments of contemplation.
Complex Structure: The St. Matthew Passion is structured in two parts, each with various sections, including recitatives, arias, choruses, and chorales. This intricate structure contributes to the emotional depth and complexity of the work.
Chorales and Choruses: The chorales in the St. Matthew Passion are both powerful and emotionally charged. The choruses, such as the opening "Kommt, ihr Töchter, helft mir klagen" (Come, ye daughters, help me lament), are particularly noteworthy for their intricate polyphony and expressive qualities.
Dual Choir and Orchestra: Bach's use of a double choir and orchestra is a notable feature. He skillfully employs these forces to create rich textures, highlight contrasts, and enhance the dramatic impact of the narrative.
Instrumental Accompaniment: The St. Matthew Passion includes a variety of instruments, including strings, woodwinds, brass, and continuo. Bach masterfully integrates these instruments to convey different moods and emotions throughout the work.
Passiontide Tradition: The St. Matthew Passion is part of a tradition of setting Passion texts for the liturgical observance of Passiontide leading up to Easter. Bach also composed a St. John Passion and a "Christmas Oratorio" as part of his larger body of work for the church calendar.
Enduring Legacy: Today, the St. Matthew Passion is considered one of Bach's greatest masterpieces and a pinnacle of Western choral music. Its emotional depth, intricate composition, and spiritual resonance continue to captivate audiences and performers alike.