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A Latin Marian hymn dating back to at least the 9th century, "Ave Maris Stella" became a cornerstone of Catholic liturgy. Its enduring popularity led to numerous translations, including John Lingard's English version "Hail Queen of Heaven."

Monteverdi's "Ave Maris Stella" is part of his landmark 1610 Vespers collection, blending Renaissance polyphony with emerging Baroque innovations. This setting of the 9th-century Marian hymn demonstrates his mastery of both stile antico and concertato styles.

Ave Maris Stella (Hail, Star of the Sea) is a 8th-century Gregorian chant dedicated to the Virgin Mary, comparing her guidance to a star guiding sailors. Its Latin text reflects early Catholic hymnody and remains used in liturgical settings.